Técnicas de agrupamento aplicadas aos indicadores de Crescimento Verde da OCDE

Matheus Santos Dias

ORCID iD Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Londrina Brasil

Amauri Ornellas da Silva

ORCID iD Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Londrina Brasil

Bruno Samways dos Santos

ORCID iD Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Londrina Brasil

Rafael Henrique Palma Lima

ORCID iD Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Campus Londrina Brasil

Resumo

A Organização para a Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE) publica anualmente dados sobre os indicadores de Crescimento Verde de todos os países. Em geral, essa base é discutida na literatura usando estatísticas descritivas, as quais fornecem uma visão geral sobre o desempenho sustentável dos países. No entanto, não há trabalhos que relatem a aplicação de técnicas de agrupamento associadas aos algoritmos de mineração de dados com o intuito de encontrar fatores que explicam as semelhanças e diferenças entre os países avaliados por esses indicadores. Por essa razão, este trabalho relata a aplicação de técnicas de agrupamento k-means e clusterização hierárquica para encontrar grupos de países com desempenhos semelhantes com relação aos indicadores sustentáveis e demográficos avaliados pela OCDE. Para essa aplicação, foram usados os dados do ano de 2019 considerando todos os países de forma individual, excluindo os dados sobre blocos econômicos. Após a limpeza e preparação dos dados, 153 países e 15 indicadores foram avaliados, resultando em 5 grupos de países. Alguns grupos apresentaram características dominantes entre os países nele incluídos. O cluster 3 foi o maior grupo, englobando 96 países subdesenvolvidos ou em desenvolvimento, com economia agroexportadora. O cluster 0 agrupou países com grande crescimento populacional, e o Cluster 1 destacou países com altas taxas de mortalidade por exposição ao radônio. Por fim, o cluster 2 teve como destaque as variáveis demográficas referentes à idade e gênero e o cluster 4 agrupou países com baixas taxas de exposição a poluição decorrente de materiais particulados.

Palavras-chave


agrupamento; crescimento verde; mineração de dados; OCDE; sustentabilidade


Texto completo:

Referências


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18265/1517-0306a2022id7168

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